The Confirmatory Factor and Measurement Model Analyses of Perceived Restorativeness Scale (PRS) in Malaysian Context
Abstract
There is a significant association between students’ lower psychological well-being and their academic performance. Therefore, in order to discover the ways of relieving students’ emotional disturbance and negative health condition, more research is needed for the improvement of their psychological well-being especially through exposure to nature as a restoration method upon facing negative emotions. This paper aims to validate and gain access to the reliability of Perceived Restorativeness Scale (PRS) among students. A cross-sectional study was conducted in this research on a sample taken from undergraduate students (N = 390). For explanatory factor analysis (EFA) with SPSS, respondents participated in an online survey. As for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), AMOS programme was used for the measurement of model. A total of 26 items had been separated into four sub-constructs of PRS were used. Subsequently, an excellent structure was displayed by the revised PRS, with good factor loadings and sufficient convergent validity. Ultimately, the cut off requirements were fulfilled. Overall, it was revealed that the internal consistency of the alpha values was α = 0.967, with the values of individual sub-constructs reliability are as follows: compatibility (0.927), coherence (0.883), fascination (0.950), and being away (0.895). It was found that PRS possessed an acceptable level of internal consistency. Besides, validity and reliability were discovered in the items for measurement of the intention instrument according to the selected pooled sample.
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