Challenges and Opportunities for Educational Actors in light of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Paraguay

Keywords: Pandemic, Covid-19, education, perspectives, challenges

Abstract

The measures implemented in response to COVID-19 have affected education systems around the world, generating significant disruptions. This study examines the main challenges and opportunities presented to the different educational actors in Paraguay considering the health emergency and the need to give continuity to the educational processes in the country from the last week of March until the first days of May 2020. A total of 2501 people participated, including teachers, students, parents of non-university students, and managers from educational institutions at all levels and from all over the country. It follows a mixed-quan-qual explanatory approach and data collection was conducted through online questionnaires. The study showed changes and strategies implemented by educational actors for the development of classes mediated by digital tools. The results reflect challenges related to access to technological resources, training in the use of ICT, and difficulties in carrying out school activities. Among the opportunities mentioned is the possibility of continuing with studies, learning about technology, and transforming the educational system. These show evidence of the need to improve access to technology to guarantee equal educational opportunities in the country. 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Valentina Canese, Universidad Nacional de Asunción - Paraguay

Ph.D. in Curriculum and Instruction, Arizona State University. M.A. in Education with emphasis in Language and Language Policy, San Diego State University. B.A. in English Language, Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Director of the Instituto Superior de Lenguas, Universidad Nacional de Asunción.

Juan Ignacio Mereles, Universidad Nacional de Asunción - Paraguay

MSc. in Elaboration, Management and Evaluation of Scientific Research Projects, Universidad Nacional de Asunción. MSc. in Mathematics and Statistics, Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Postgraduate and Research Coordinator, Universidad Nacional de Asunción.

Jessica Amarilla, Universidad Nacional de Asunción - Paraguay

Master in Education, University of Western Australia. B.A. in English Language, Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Teacher at the National University of Asuncion.

 

References

Álvarez Marinelli, H., Arias Ortiz, E., Bergamaschi, A., López Sánchez, A., Noli, A., Ortiz Guerrero, M., Pérez-Alfaro, M., Rieble-Aubourg, S., Rivera, M. C., Scannone, R., Vásquez, R. & Viteri, A. (2020). Education in times of coronavirus: The education systems of Latin America and the Caribbean in the face of COVID-19. Inter-American Development Bank.

Álvarez, M., Gardyn, N., Iardelevsky, A. & Rebello, G. (2020). Educational Segregation in Times of Pandemic: Taking Stock of Initial Actions during Social Isolation by Covid-19 in Argentina. International Journal of Education for Social Justice, 9(3). https://doi.org/10.15366/riejs2020.9.3.002

Almazán, A. (2020). Covid-19: Point of No Return in the Digitalization of Education? International Journal Of Education For Social Justice, 9(3). https://revistas.uam.es/riejs/article/view/12089

Armitage, R., & Nellums, L. (2020). Considering inequalities in the school closure response to COVID-19. The Lancet Global Health, 8(5), e644. http://doi:10.1016s2214-109x(20)30116-9

Azorín, C. (2020). Beyond COVID-19 supernova. Is another education coming? Journal Of Professional Capital And Community, 5(3/4), 381-390. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPCC-05-2020-0019

Bao, W. (2020). Covid-19 and online teaching in higher education: A case study of Peking university. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(2), 113–115. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.191

Bhaumik R., & Priyadarshini A., (2020) E-readiness of senior secondary school learners to online transition amid COVID-19 lockdown. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), 244-256. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3891822

Brammer, S., & Clark, T. (2020). COVID-19 and Management Education: Reflections on Challenges, Opportunities, and Potential Futures. British Journal of Management, 31(3), 453-456. http://doi:10.1111/1467-8551.12425

Borup, J., Jensen, M., Archambault, L., Short, C.R. & Graham, C.R. (2020). Supporting Students During COVID-19: Developing and Leveraging Academic Communities of Engagement in a Time of Crisis. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 28(2), 161-169. https://www.learntechlib.org/primary/p/216288/

Bozkurt, A., & Sharma, R. C. (2020). Emergency remote teaching in time of global crisis due to CoronaVirus pandemic. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), i-vi. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3778083

Britez, M. (2020). Education in the face of the advance of COVID-19 in Paraguay. Comparison with countries of the Triple Frontier. [Preprint]. https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.22

ECLAC, N. U. (2020). Latin America and the Caribbean facing the COVID-19 pandemic: economic and social effects.

Cáceres-Piñaloza, K. F. (2020). Virtual education: Creating affective, coexistence and learning spaces in times of COVID-19. CienciAmerica, 9(2), 38-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33210/ca.v9i2.284

Cerdan, P. (2020, April 16). Education is now everybody’s homework. World Bank Blogs. https://blogs.worldbank.org/latinamerica/education-now-everybodys-homework

Cifuentes-Faura, J. (2020). Consecuencias en los Niños del Cierre de Escuelas por Covid-19: El Papel del Gobierno, Profesores y Padres. Revista Internacional De Educación Para La Justicia Social, 9(3). https://revistas.uam.es/riejs/article/view/12216

CONES. (2020). Educación Superior del Paraguay en Tiempos de COVID-19 | Consejo Nacional de Educación Superior CONES. https://bit.ly/333D8aI

Dunlap, J. C., Verma, G., & Johnson, H. L. (2016). Presence+Experience: A Framework for the Purposeful Design of Presence in Online Courses. TechTrends, 60(2), 145-151. http://doi:10.1007/s11528-016-0029-4

Esposito, S., & Principi, N. (2020). School Closure During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic. JAMA Pediatrics. 174(10),921-922 http://doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1892

Gómez D. (2020) Young people and digital inequality: gaps in access, competence and use. Queen Sofia Center on adolescence and youth.

Hargreaves, A., & O’Connor, M.T. (2018), Collaborative Professionalism: When Teaching Together Means Learning for all, Corwin Press, Thousand Oaks, CA.

Harris, A. (2020). COVID-19 – school leadership in crisis? Journal of Professional Capital and Community, 5(3/4), 321–326. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPCC-06-2020-0045

Hernández, A. (2020). COVID-19: the effect on educational management. Revista Latinoamericana De Investigación Social, 3(1), 37-41. https://bit.ly/3lrCb3f

Hincapié, D. (2020, May 15). Teachers: the other essential workers during COVID-19. Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo. https://blogs.iadb.org/educacion/es/docentestrabajadoresesenciales/

Jones, A. (2004). A review of the research literature on barriers to the uptake of ICT by teachers. http://dera.ioe.ac.uk/1603/1/becta_2004_barrierstouptake_litrev.pdf

Johnson, N., Veletsianos, G., & Seaman, J. (2020). U. S. Faculty and administrators’ experiences and approaches in the early weeks of the covid-19 pandemic. Online Learning, 24(2). https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v24i2.2285

Li, C., & Lalani, F. (2020, April 29). The COVID-19 pandemic has changed education forever. This is how. World Economic Forum. https://bit.ly/2S4bxQu

Lloyd, M. (2020). Educational inequalities and the digital divide in times of COVID-19. In H. Casanova Cardiel (Coord.), Educación y pandemia: una visión académica (pp. 115-121). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones sobre la Universidad y la Educación.

MEC, Ministry of Education and Science. (2020). Retrieved 10 June 2020, from https://bit.ly/3jad4QE

MSPBS, Ministry of Public Health and Social Welfare - First case of the new coronavirus in Paraguay. (2020). Retrieved 14 June 2020, https://bit.ly/30apMaN

Monasterio, D. & Briceño, M. (2020). Education mediated by Technologies: A challenge at the juncture of Covid-19. Observador del Conocimiento, 5(1), 136-148.

Picón, G. A., Caballero, K. G. de, & Paredes, N. (2020). Performance and teacher training in digital competencies in non-face-to-face classes during the COVID-19 pandemic [Preprint]. https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.778

R Core Team (2020). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. https://www.R-project.org/

Reimers, F. (2020). DIALOGUE ON EDUCATION CONVERSATIONS FOR A COUNTRY IN EMERGENCY [Ebook]. Asunción, Paraguay: Observatorio Educativo Ciudadano. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3g85TH2

Reimers, F., & Schleicher, A. (2020) A framework to guide an education response to the COVID-19 Pandemic of 2020. OECD.

Sánchez, M., Martínez Hernández, A. M. del P., Torres Carrasco, R., de Agüero Servín, M., Hernández Romo, A. K., Benavides Lara, M. A., Rendón González, V. J., & Jaimes Vergara, C. A. (2020). Educational challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic: A survey of UNAM professors. Revista Digital Universitaria, 21(3). https://doi.org/10.22201/codeic.16076079e.2020.v21n3.a12

Sanz, I., Sainz González, J. & Capilla, A. (2020) Effects of the Coronavirus Crisis in Higher Education. Organization of Ibero-American States for Education, Science and Culture (OEI). Madrid, Spain.

Soto-Córdova, I. (2020). The student-teacher relationship in times of quarantine: challenges and opportunities of learning in virtual environments. Saberes Educativos Journal, (5), 70-99. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3lDEUGX

Tomei, J. (2006). The impact of online learning on faculty load: Computing the ideal class size for online learning . Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 14, 531-541.

Trujillo, F., Segura, A., Fernández, M., & Jiménez, M. (2020). Assessment scenarios in the context of the pandemic by COVID-19: the opinion of teachers [Ebook]. Santillana. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3iweQed

UNESCO (2020a). COVID-19 Educational Disruption and Response. UNESCO https://en.unesco.org/covid19/educationresponse

UNESCO (2020b). Alarming digital divides emerge in distance learning. UNESCO https://bit.ly/2YCmdcY

Van Lancker, W., & Parolin, Z. (2020). COVID-19, school closures, and child poverty: asocial crisis in the making.The Lancet Public Health, 5(5), e243-e244. http://doi:10.1016/s2468-2667(20)30084-0

Viner, R. M., Russell, S. J., Croker, H., Packer, J., Ward, J., Stansfield, C., Mytton, O., Bonell, C., & Booy, R. (2020). School closure and management practices during coronavirus outbreaks including COVID-19: A rapid systematic review. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 4(5), 397-404. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30095-X.

Vivanco-Saraguro, A. (2020). Teleducation in times of COVID-19: inequality gaps. CienciAmerica, 9(2), 166-175. http://dx.doi.org/10.33210/ca.v9i2.307

Wang, G., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhang, J., & Jiang, F. (2020). Mitigate the effects of home confinement on children during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet, 395(10228), 945-947. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30547-x.

WHO. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public. WHO https://bit.ly/350zYEb

World Bank Education (2020), Guidance Note: Remote Learning and COVID-19, WBE https://bit.ly/3ju9T66

Wozney, L., Venkatesh, V. & Abrami, P. (2006). Implementing computer technologies: Teachers’ perceptions and practices. Journal of Technology and teacher education, 14(1), 173-207.

Zhang, W., Wang, Y., Yang, L., & Wang, C. (2020). Suspending Classes Without Stopping Learning: China’s Education Emergency Management Policy in the COVID-19 Outbreak. Journal Of Risk and Financial Management, 13(3), 55. http://doi:10.3390/jrfm13030055

Published
2021-06-20
How to Cite
Canese, V., Mereles, J. I., & Amarilla, J. (2021). Challenges and Opportunities for Educational Actors in light of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Paraguay . Religación, 6(28), 167-181. https://doi.org/10.46652/rgn.v6i28.797