Impacto da ajuda financeira na redução da evasão universitária: o caso da Universidade Técnica Estadual de Quevedo (Equador)
Resumo
O ensino superior é essencial para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico, mas a evasão universitária continua sendo um desafio nos países em desenvolvimento. No Equador, a Universidade Técnica Estadual de Quevedo enfrenta altas taxas de evasão, apesar de oferecer diferentes programas de ajuda financeira. Nesse contexto, este estudo analisa o impacto da ajuda financeira na redução da evasão e suas limitações. Para cumprir esse objetivo, foi utilizada uma abordagem de pesquisa mista, com um desenho transversal não experimental, coletando informações de 988 alunos beneficiários por meio de uma pesquisa e dados institucionais. Usando um modelo de regressão de escolha binária (Logit), foi avaliada a relação entre o auxílio financeiro e a probabilidade de evasão escolar. Os resultados indicam que o aumento da renda diminui significativamente a evasão, mas fatores como responsabilidades familiares e percepção de baixo apoio institucional aumentam o risco de evasão. Além disso, a falta de clareza nos critérios de alocação e a insuficiência do valor concedido reduzem a eficácia do auxílio financeiro. Conclui-se que o auxílio financeiro é um elemento fundamental para reduzir a evasão, mas requer estratégias complementares, como aconselhamento acadêmico e programas de emprego para estudantes.
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