Dinâmica da construção da identidade entre comunidades étnicas em Darfur: uma perspectiva baseada em conflitos
Resumo
Este documento investiga a dinâmica adotada por nove comunidades etno-linguísticas afetadas pelo conflito em curso no Estado do Darfur do Sul para construir suas identidades étnicas. Os dados qualitativos foram obtidos através de discussões em grupos de foco, entrevistas, cartazes paisagísticos e observação durante um período de 2012 a 2013. Os resultados mostram que, em primeiro lugar, houve uma dinâmica sem precedentes de construção de identidade micro-interétnica em toda a área de estudo. Em segundo lugar, dentro dessas identidades inter-étnicas, também surgiram identidades intra-étnicas, todas estimuladas por processos de etnização comunitária por atacado. Em terceiro lugar, a revitalização da identidade etno-linguística foi considerada a principal ferramenta empregada pelas comunidades estudadas, em diferentes graus, para estabelecer suas identidades distintas. Quarto, as identidades etnolingüísticas construídas variavam de grupo para grupo, variando de "forte" a "moderado" a "fraco", dependendo da vitalidade etnolingüística da comunidade. O documento conclui que o principal fator no surgimento dessas micro-identidades inter- ou intra-étnicas foi o conflito em curso em Darfur.
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