Happiness and Globalization: A Study in Global Perspective about Entrepreneurship

  • Muhammad Sajjad COMSATS University Islamabad - Pakistan
  • Muhammad Irfan COMSATS University Islamabad - Pakistan
  • M. Orangzab COMSATS University Islamabad - Pakistan
  • Asad Afzal Humayon COMSATS University Islamabad - Pakistan
  • Rao Aamir Khan COMSATS University Islamabad - Pakistan
Keywords: Happiness, Globalization, Entrepreneurs, Entrepreneurship, Growth

Abstract

The study is based on the conjecture that augmented happiness enhances the growth of entrepreneurship and happy nations have tendency to produce greater number of entrepreneurs. Apart from Happiness, this study also measures the effect of globalization on entrepreneurship. For this very purpose, happiness and globalization has been regressed with entrepreneurship. Desire Satisfaction theory has been used to explain the relationship of happiness, globalization and entrepreneurship. To verify stated assumptions, data from 125 countries from the world were tested. Data of Globalization Index (GI), Happiness Index (HI) and Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI) were extracted from KOF Globalization Index 2017, World Happiness Report 2017 and Global Entrepreneurship index 2017 respectively. It was observed that countries with higher score in happiness and globalization also had higher score in GEI. The relationship is found to be highly significant and positive. It is suggested that countries who wish to promote entrepreneurial ventures should not focus only on conventional measures of growth like GDP but also focus for expansion through globalization and invest for the satisfaction and happiness of its people.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Muhammad Sajjad, COMSATS University Islamabad - Pakistan

Corresponding author.  Assistant Professor COMSATS University Islamabad

Muhammad Irfan, COMSATS University Islamabad - Pakistan

Assistant Professor, COMSATS University Islamabad

 

M. Orangzab, COMSATS University Islamabad - Pakistan

Assistant Professor, COMSATS University Islamabad

 

Asad Afzal Humayon, COMSATS University Islamabad - Pakistan

Assistant Professor, COMSATS University Islamabad

Rao Aamir Khan, COMSATS University Islamabad - Pakistan

Assistant Professor, COMSATS University Islamabad

References

Acs, Z. (2006). How is entrepreneurship good for economic growth? innovations, 1(1), 97-107.

Acs, Z. J., Szerb, L., & Lloyd, A. (2017). The global entrepreneurship and development index Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index 2017 ( 29-53): Springer.

Al Mamun, A., Fazal, S. A., & Muniady, R. (2019). Entrepreneurial knowledge, skills, competencies and performance: A study of micro-enterprises in Kelantan, Malaysia. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship.

Audretsch, D. B., & Belitski, M. (2015). Is Happiness Conducive to Entrepreneurship? Exploring Subjective Well-Being–Entrepreneurship Relationship across Major European Cities. Henley Centre for Entrepreneurship.

Bartley, T. (2007). Institutional emergence in an era of globalization: The rise of transnational private regulation of labor and environmental conditions. American Journal of Sociology, 113(2), 297-351. doi:10.1086/518871

Baylis, J., Owens, P., & Smith, S. (2017). The globalization of world politics: An introduction to international relations: Oxford University Press.

Benz, M., & Frey, B. S. (2008). Being independent is a great thing: Subjective evaluations of self-employment and hierarchy. Economica, 75(298), 362-383. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0335.2007.00594.x

Bhasin, B., & Ng, L. K. (2019). Socio Cultural Impediments to Entrepreneurship: Implications for the Lao People’s Democratic Republic. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 7(1), 64-91.

Bhasin, B. B., & Venkataramany, S. (2010). Globalization of entrepreneurship: Policy considerations for SME development in Indonesia. The International Business & Economics Research Journal, 9(4), 95.

Blanchflower, D., & Oswald, A. (1992). Entrepreneurship, happiness and supernormal returns: Evidence from Britain and the US. Retrieved from

Bremner, R. H. (2008). Theories of Happiness-On the Origins of Happiness and Our Contemporary Conception.

Carree, M. A., & Thurik, A. R. (2003). The impact of entrepreneurship on economic growth Handbook of entrepreneurship research (pp. 437-471): Springer.

Dreher, A. (2006). Does globalization affect growth? Evidence from a new index of globalization. Applied Economics, 38(10), 1091-1110.

Dreher, A., Gaston, N., & Martens, P. (2008). Measuring globalisation: Gauging its consequences: Springer Science & Business Media.

EdRoyzman, M. E. P. S. a. (2003). Authentic Happiness. Retrieved from https://www.authentichappiness.sas.upenn.edu/newsletters/authentichappiness/happiness

El Harbi, S., & Grolleau, G. (2012). Does self-employment contribute to national happiness? The Journal of Socio-Economics, 41(5), 670-676.

Etemad, H., & Wright, R. W. (2003). Globalization and entrepreneurship: policy and strategy perspectives: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Gries, T., & Naudé, W. (2011). Entrepreneurship and human development: A capability approach. Journal of Public Economics, 95(3-4), 216-224.

Heathwood, C. (2006). Desire satisfactionism and hedonism. Philosophical Studies, 128(3), 539-563.

Helliwell, J. F., Huang, H., & Wang, S. (2017). The Social Foundations of World Happiness. WORLD HAPPINESS REPORT 2017, 8.

KOF, P. R. (2017). KOF Index of Globalization 2017: Netherlands Are the Most Globalized Country. Retrieved from https://www.kof.ethz.ch/en/news-and-events/media/press-releases/2017/04/kof-globalization-index-2017.html

Levie, J., Autio, E., Acs, Z., & Hart, M. (2014). Global entrepreneurship and institutions: an introduction. Small Business Economics, 42(3), 437-444.

Levitt, T. (1993). The globalization of markets. Readings in international business: a decision approach, 249.

Man, T. W., Lau, T., & Chan, K. (2002). The competitiveness of small and medium enterprises: A conceptualization with focus on entrepreneurial competencies. Journal of business venturing, 17(2), 123-142.

Martín-Montaner, J., Serrano-Domingo, G., & Requena-Silvente, F. (2018). Networks and self-employed migrants. Small Business Economics, 51(3), 735-755.

Marques, C. G., Manso, A., Ferreira, A. P., Morgado, F., & Gaspar, M. (2017). Learning Information Systems: Designing Education Programs Using Letrinhas. Journal of Information Systems Engineering & Management, 2(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.20897/jisem.201706

Mitchelmore, S., & Rowley, J. (2010). Entrepreneurial competencies: a literature review and development agenda. International journal of entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 16(2), 92-111.

Naude, W., Amoros, J. E., & Cristi, O. (2014). “Surfeiting, the appetite may sicken”: entrepreneurship and happiness. Small Business Economics, 42(3), 523-540. doi:10.1007/s11187-013-9492-x

Naudé, W., Amorós, J. E., & Cristi, O. (2014). “Surfeiting, the appetite may sicken”: entrepreneurship and happiness. Small Business Economics, 42(3), 523-540.

Nikolaev, B., Boudreaux, C. J., & Wood, M. (2019). Entrepreneurship and subjective well-being: The mediating role of psychological functioning. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 1042258719830314.

Oosterbeek, H., Van Praag, M., & Ijsselstein, A. (2010). The impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurship skills and motivation. European economic review, 54(3), 442-454.

Oswald, A. J. (1997). Happiness and economic performance. The economic journal, 107(445), 1815-1831.

Parks, A. (2017). What is Happiness, Anyway? Retrieved from http://my.happify.com/hd/what-is-happiness-anyway/

Sachs, J. D., Layard, R., & Helliwell, J. F. (2018). World Happiness Report 2018. Retrieved from

Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of management review, 25(1), 217-226.

Soriano, D. R., & Dobon, S. R. (2009). Linking globalization of entrepreneurship in small organizations. Small Business Economics, 32(3), 233-239.

Sun, X., & Xu, H. (2019). Role Shifting Between Entrepreneur and Tourist: A Case Study on Dali and Lijiang, China. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 1-15.

Tabaka, M. (2018). Why Entrepreneurs Have the Upper Hand on Happiness. Retrieved from https://www.inc.com/marla-tabaka/why-entrepreneurs-have-the-upper-hand-on-happiness.html

Urbano, D., Aparicio, S., & Audretsch, D. B. (2019). Social Progress Orientation, Entrepreneurship and Economic Development Institutions, Entrepreneurship, and Economic Performance (pp. 107-129): Springer.

Van Stel, A., Carree, M., & Thurik, R. (2005). The effect of entrepreneurial activity on national economic growth. Small Business Economics, 24(3), 311-321.

Veenhoven, R. (2004). Happiness as an aim in public policy: The greatest happiness principle.

Veenhoven, R. (2009). How do we assess how happy we are? Tenets, implications and tenability of three theories. Happiness, economics and politics, 45-69.

Estanesti, S., & Vazifeh, Z. (2017). The Relationship between conservatism and economic criteria, assessing financial performance of listed companies In Tehran Stock Exchange (2010-2014) . UCT Journal of Management and Accounting Studies, 5(2), 20-24.

Saidakhmedovna, U. D. (2016). UZBEK “MOTAM YOR-YOR” SONGS. UCT Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research, 4(4), 17-20

Sadeghpour, F., Far, M. G., Khah, A. R., & Akbardokht Amiri, M. A. (2017). Marketing Strategic Planning and Choosing the Right Strategy using AHP Technique (Case Study: Ghavamin Bank Mazandaran). Dutch Journal of Finance and Management, 1(2), 45. https://doi.org/10.29333/djfm/5821

Published
2019-10-30
How to Cite
Sajjad, M., Irfan, M., Orangzab, M., Humayon, A. A., & Khan, R. A. (2019). Happiness and Globalization: A Study in Global Perspective about Entrepreneurship. Religación, 4(20), 36-42. Retrieved from https://revista.religacion.com/index.php/religacion/article/view/468