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Este estudo se propôs a determinar até que ponto as comunidades rurais influenciam o surgimento e o crescimento de pequenas e médias empresas (PMEs) na Ilha de Samar, Filipinas. O estudo é uma pesquisa descritiva que usou questionários estruturados e entrevistas pessoais com os entrevistados. O resultado do estudo indicou que as variáveis da comunidade influenciaram o surgimento e o crescimento das PMEs nas comunidades rurais. Embora os fatores econômicos tenham influenciado fortemente, os fatores socioculturais, demográficos, biofísicos e político-legais influenciaram o surgimento e o crescimento das PMEs nas comunidades rurais. Os problemas comuns que impedem as comunidades rurais de influenciar o surgimento e o crescimento das PMEs estão centrados nas atitudes e nos valores negativos das pessoas da comunidade, que foram atribuídos à falta de união e cooperação, preguiça, mentalidade de caranguejo, falta de autodisciplina, dependência excessiva dos outros, vícios e falta de preocupação com o desenvolvimento da comunidade.
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