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Os sintomas depressivos constituem um problema de saúde pública prioritário em pessoas idosas. No Equador, a evidência sobre sua prevalência e os estilos de vida como fatores associados em ambientes rurais é limitada. Estimar a prevalência de sintomas depressivos e a associação com estilos de vida em pessoas idosas de paróquias rurais do cantão Cuenca. Estudo transversal em 302 pessoas idosas (≥65 anos) das paróquias rurais Sinincay, Ricaurte e El Valle. Os sintomas depressivos foram avaliados com a Escala de Depressão GDS-15, e os estilos de vida com o instrumento PEPS-I. Realizou-se regressão logística multivariável para identificar determinantes independentes. 43,0% apresentaram sintomas depressivos. A pontuação média do PEPS-I foi significativamente menor no grupo com depressão (130,6 ± 28,5 vs. 140,0 ± 26,9; p=0,002). As subescalas de suporte interpessoal, autorrealização e manejo do estresse mostraram as diferenças mais pronunciadas (p<0,001). No modelo ajustado foram significativos: estilo de vida pouco saudável (OR: 2,25; IC 95%: 1,23–4,11), renda baixa (OR: 2,26; IC 95%: 1,35–3,79) e doença crônica (OR: 2,08; IC 95%: 1,26–3,46). Os sintomas depressivos afetam cerca de metade das pessoas idosas. Um estilo de vida pouco saudável dobrou a probabilidade de apresentar sintomas depressivos, independentemente de fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos. Esses achados ressaltam a necessidade de implementar intervenções comunitárias voltadas principalmente ao fortalecimento de hábitos saudáveis, das redes de apoio social e de estratégias para lidar emocionalmente com as situações de vida vivenciadas.
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