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Abstract
Breast cancer is currently the leading malignancy affecting women in Mexico, and mastectomy continues to be frequently used as part of treatment. Its effects extend beyond clinical outcomes, influencing self-esteem, body-related perceptions, and sexual life. The aim of this article was to conduct a systematized review of the literature (2015–2025) on Mexican women who underwent mastectomy, in order to synthesize available findings, describe associated factors (clinical, surgical, and psychosocial), identify reported interventions, and delineate knowledge gaps. Evidence from quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies was integrated. Across the included studies, recurrent patterns were reported: reduced self-worth, distress related to physical appearance, and disruptions in sexual life/sexual functioning. These outcomes were described in relation to surgery type, access to breast reconstruction, and psychosocial variables such as social support, couple/partner relationships, and coping resources. In addition, interventions grounded in cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and psychoeducational programs were identified as showing beneficial outcomes, although national evidence remains limited. Overall, the reviewed literature supports the systematic consideration of these domains within oncology care from a biopsychosocial perspective, incorporating constructs such as self-efficacy.
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